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Biography of Razia
Name: Razia
Birth Date: N/A
Death Date: October 14, 1240
Place of Birth: N/A
Nationality: Indian
Gender: Female
Occupations: sultana
Razia
A descendant of the Moslems of Turkish extraction who invaded India in the eleventh century, Razia (died 1240) was the only woman ever crowned in the Delhi sultanate, which ruled parts of India from 1210 to 1526. Razia reigned for approximately three and a half years (1236--1240), and although she made important reforms in government, she was ultimately unable to reconcile her Muslim nobility to her ruling as a woman.The Delhi SultanateIn 1192 A.D., the Turkish leader, Muhammad of Ghur, defeated the Rajputs at the second battle of Tarain, gaining control of the Kingdom of Delhi. After establishing his reign, Ghur returned to Afghanistan, leaving his conquest in the hands of his trusted slave, Qutb-ud-din Aibak. When Ghur died in 1206 without leaving an heir, Qutb-ud-din declared himself Sultan of Delhi. Qutb-ud-din's reign marked the beginning of the Delhi sultanate under the Slave dynasty--so named because many of the sultans of this time …showed first 150 words…
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…showed last 150 words…of worship, where prayers are conducted five times each day. Further Reading Olsen, Kirstin, Chronology of Women's History, Greenwood Press, 1994.Zakaria, Rafiq, Razia Queen of India, Oxford University Press, 1966."The Delhi Sultanate," Historytoday.com, http://www.historytoday.com/index.cfm?articleid=1371 (February 2003)."History of Razia Sultana," http://www.angelfire.com/ga/filesgirl/history.html (February 2003).Santwana Bhattacharya, "Old Delhi walks all over Razia Sultan's tomb," Indian Express, http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/20000208/ina08051.html (February 2003)."The Slave Dynasty," History of India, http://www.historyofindia.com/hist_text/slave.html (February 2003)."The Slave Dynasty," Delhi123, http://www.delhi123.com/history/slave.php3 (February 2003)."Sultana Razia of Delhi," http://www.crescentlife.com/thisthat/razia.htm (February 2003).Swapna Khanna, "She lies among the untrodden ways," The Rediff Special, http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/mar/27razia.htm (February 2003)."The Turkish Invasions," History of India, http://www.historyofindia.com/hist_text/turks.html (February 2003).
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