Revolution of 1905

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…second, the October Revolution (dated on the Julian calendar). In February 1917, riots began in St Petersburg (renamed Petrograd in 1914). When troops were ordered to fire upon the rioters, they joined them instead. Demands for changes in the government finally resulted in the abdication of Nicholas II and his son on March 15, leaving the administration to a provisional government initially headed by Prince Lvov, and from July by Alexander Kerensky. The abdications ended the Russian Empire.