Function of the English Exchequer in the 12th century

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…to the chief justiciar and ultimately the King. The Exchequer functioned as a bureaucratic organization with records being written and taxes collected in an organised, literate way and was not only a sign of the development of a feudal system in England but as a precursor to the modern state. References Clanchy M. T, From Memory to Written Record, 2nd ed. Cambridge 1989 Richard son of Nigel, The Course of the Exchequer, trans. C. Johnson, London 1950.