Modern European History. Speaks of Paul Valery and what he meant by saying that Europe doubted itself profoundly

…

…They didn't know what to think anymore being terrified to learn the shocking truth of the reality of the war and what it has done to their society, people and accomplishments. People suffered from great anxiety and a 'legacy of embitterment' was created. The enjoyment of common civilization was no more and total war was declared. Peace from among men were no existent. And those bonds will be impossible to establish for a long duration.