Orientalism in "Song of Roland". includes Edward Said's rhetoric.

Orientalism is a theory of knowledge rooting from the earliest contacts of European travelers with the people outside of Europe. To the many that have studied the foreign lands and their people, Orientalism has become a science. It is a discourse of knowledge of what the Orient is represented to be in the European mindset. Orientalism and its troubles are best explained by a contemporary Arabic Christian author Edward W. Said. Sometimes it's difficult to …

…the author uses for the storytelling of an immense epic. Whether being actually right or wrong, it presents an effective piece of work and succeeds at what it is intended to do. But it would be wrong to call the poem a mere piece of propaganda because in fact it is much more. It is a part of European history and it is essential in understanding the mindsets of the people of the eleventh-twelfth centuries.